Value Added Tax Case Study - 710 Words

Despite the fact that UAE has long been famous for its zero tax status, the introduction of Value Added Tax(VAT) is expected to happen at a rate of 5%, with some limited exceptions including basic food items, health care, and education. The UAE is planning to implement it on January 1st, 2018. According to Nikola Kosutic, the Research Manager for Euromonitor International Middle East, the UAE’s first major tax will have varying degrees of impact on different segments of the retail sector. The value-added tax is a tax on the amount by which the value of a good or service has been increased at each stage of its production or distribution. The imposition of which are highly related to products’ elasticity of demand -- the more elastic the†¦show more content†¦Nevertheless, VAT does not bring all bad news. Although 0% to 1% has a much bigger impact than 10% to 20%, the impact of 5% tax on the customer is expected to be minimal. Because the margin in the country is so great, that the retailers will have some cushion for the introduction of the tax. They will be able to introduce markups which are so huge that it is unlikely to happen in any other place around the world. Therefore, a 5% tax is not going to change Dubai’s popularity as a shopping destination. The government officials in UAE and Saudi Arabia expected to use the money earned through VAT to reinvest in the development of new projects, which will likely create new jobs and strengthen the economy in the long run. In terms of business, may corporations and retailers respond to the tax fairly positively. A spokesperson from Lulu group international said that he doesn’t think the tax is going to affect business since many of UAE residences are from countries that have VAT in place. The financial officer of Brands Trading, Imran Khalid, believes that there will be some minor problems in the first few days but overall it won’t cause any major impacts. KBBO Group which owns Fathima Supermarket believes that the trend is not expected to be different due to the fact that groceries will not be affected by the VAT. Consumers generally, are expected to adapt quickly to these kinds of changes. Tourism and aviation, for example, have always had new taxes added on themShow Mor eRelatedAccounting Aspect of Value Added Tax in Bangladesh1634 Words   |  7 PagesAccounting Aspect of Value Added Tax in Bangladesh Term Paper On Accounting Aspect of Value Added Tax in Bangladesh Prepared By : Name : Md. Mahmudul Hassan Roll : University Roll : Class Roll : Supervisor’s Name and Designation Mr. Md Nurajjaman Assistant professor Department of Accounting Govt. B.M College, Barisal Date of Submission : OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY LEARNING OBJECTIVES After studying you shall be able to understand : âž ¢ The concept of Value added tax âž ¢ CharacteristicsRead MoreThe Impact Of Tax On Small Businesses1146 Words   |  5 PagesDue to the value added tax rise in 2011, the Federation of Small Businesses (2011) estimated that 1.6% of the labour force would be lost. The Centre for Cities (2015) shows that there is 20 percent of small and medium sized enterprises in the United Kingdom, they reduced their workforce between 2011 and 2014. It is the same rate between 2008 to 2011. Although small and medium sized enterprises contraction is less than the 28.8 percent of their expanding, they still lead nearly one million peopleRead MoreThe Challenges Faced By Taxpayers1026 Words   |  5 Pagesqualitative case study on the challenges faced by Taxpayers in using Electronic Fiscal Devises in calculating Value Added Tax in Zimbabwe. A Case study of some selected taxpayers in KweKwe. CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.0 Background of Study Tax evasion and avoidance through the undervaluation of tax invoices especially by small to medium taxpayers, has been the major challenge in the administration of Value Added Tax (VAT) in ZimbabweRead More A report on Value Added Tax Essay1528 Words   |  7 PagesA report on Value Added Tax Introduction Value Added Tax originated in France in 1954 and is under implementation in more than hundred countries. Value Added Tax is perceived by many as means to promote neutrality and uniformity of tax burden and to provide incentives for increased productivity and industrialization. The spread of VAT to the developed and the developing countries alike certainly, makes for an interesting study. Financial Times (London) too stressed the growing importanceRead MoreEssay On Gst1570 Words   |  7 PagesImpact: Are we ready for this change? Abstract: Goods and Service Tax is a comprehensive tax levy on manufacture, sale and consumption of goods and services. GST is termed as biggest tax reform In Indian Tax Structure. It will not be an additional tax, it will include central excise duty, service tax additional duties of customers at the central level, VAT, central sales tax, entertainment tax, octroi, state surcharge, luxury tax, lottery tax and other surcharge on supply of goods and services. The purposeRead MorePress Release : For Immediate Release1190 Words   |  5 Pagesthis may be a false economy as financial advisers can add 3.00% a year in value, i.e. returning investors up to 3 times the cost of their investment advice, and all without any magic skill in picking right funds. Scott Gallacher, a Chartered Financial Planner with Leicester based advisers Rowley Turton (IFA) Ltd. lists the seven key investment advice areas that Vanguard identified where financial advisers can add value in. 1. Asset allocation – significant but unquantifiable Your portfolio’sRead MoreThe Impact of Offshoring on the U.S. Economy1154 Words   |  5 Pages Off-shoring is the establishment of business operations outside national boundaries. The process of moving business outside these boundaries is to garner an advantage either through tax breaks, lower wages, lower transportation cost and/or relaxed regulations (Offshore definition, 2014). Many firms either branch out as a horizontal multinational or vertical multinational. Horizontal multinational’s produce the same good or services as abroad. This foreign direct investment (FDI) is doneRead MoreBadges Of Trade And Vat Report Essay1600 Words   |  7 PagesBadges of Trade / VAT Report Introduction The report is based on the case study in which Ali renovated and repaired old and used boats in his garage and then sells them to buyers once the boats are repaired and ready. He repairs one boat at a time. With the proceeds, the internet and other media sources, he finds the buyers for his boats. Also, through the proceeds he finds boats to repair and sell again. He wishes to open up his business in the near future. However, his friend has told him thatRead More Running The British Economy Essay1495 Words   |  6 PagesRunning The British Economy Introduction ============ A study of economics in terms of whole systems especially with reference to general levels of output and income and to the interrelations among sectors of the economy is called macroeconomics. Macroeconomics is concerned with the behavior of the economy as a whole—with booms and recessions, the economy’s total output of goods and services and the growth of output, the rates of inflation and unemployment, the balance of payments, andRead MoreThe Growing Problem On Tax Evasion1064 Words   |  5 PagesThe Growing Problem on Tax Evasion Background Each and every countries deal its own classic nightmares from the wicked tax evaders. Milos (2013) defined â€Å"The legal tax evasion is the action of the taxable subject to go around the law, finding various means to exploit the insufficient legislation, and intentionally avoiding, in a legal manner, the tax provisions†(p.166). Milos study of tax evasion is focus and represent Romania, as tax evasion is a â€Å"well spread phenomenon† faced largely by this country

Environment and Animal Rights - Contrast and Compare

Updated and Edited by  Michelle A. Rivera,  Animal Rights Expert for About.com  May 16, 2016 The environmental movement and the animal rights movement often have similar goals, but the philosophies are different and sometimes cause the two camps to oppose each other. The Environmental Movement The goal of the environmental movement is protect the environment and use resources in a sustainable manner. Campaigns are based on the big picture - whether a practice can continue without harming the balance of the ecosystem. The environment is important as it affects human health, but the environment is also, in itself, worth protecting. Popular environmental campaigns include protecting the Amazon rainforest from deforestation, protecting endangered species, reducing pollution, and fighting climate change. The Animal Rights Movement The goal of the animal rights movement is for animals to be free of human use and exploitation. Animal rights is based on a recognition that non-human animals are sentient and therefore have their own rights and interests. While some activists work on single issue campaigns such as fur, meat, or circuses; the broader goal is a vegan world where all animal use and exploitation is eliminated. Similarities Between the Environmental and Animal Rights Movements Both movements recognize we must protect the environment. Both oppose unsustainable practices, and both seek to protect wildlife from habitat loss, pollution and climate change. These threats affect not only whole ecosystems but individual animals who will suffer and die if we continue to ignore environmental issues. We also often see environmental and animal rights groups taking the same position on an issue for different reasons. While animal rights groups oppose eating meat because it infringes on the rights of the animals, some environmental groups oppose meat eating because of the environmental devastation of animal agriculture. The Atlantic Chapter of the Sierra Club has a Biodiversity/Vegetarian Outreach Committee, and calls meat a Hummer on a Plate. Both movements also work to protect endangered animal species. Animal rights activists work to protect spotted owls because they are sentient beings, while environmentalists want to see individual spotted owls protected because the individuals are important for the survival of the species; and that species is important in the web of life. Differences between the Environmental and Animal Rights Movements Most animal rights activists also try to protect the environment, but if there is a conflict between environmental protection and the lives of individual animals, animal rights activists will choose to protect the animals because the animals are sentient and the rights of the individuals cannot be infringed to protect trees or a collective group. Also, environmentalists may not object if an activity kills or threatens individual animals without threatening the species or ecosystem as a whole. For example, some environmentalists do not oppose hunting or may even support hunting if they believe that hunting will not threaten the survival of the species. The rights and interests of individual animals are not a concern to some environmentalists. However, hunting cannot be considered acceptable to animal rights advocates because killing an animal, whether it is for food or trophies, infringes on the rights of the animal. This applies whether or not the species is endangered or threatened. To an animal rights activist, the life of a single animal matters. Similarly, environmentalists often talk about conservation, which is the sustainable use of a resource. Hunters also use the word conservation as a euphemism for hunting. To animal rights advocates, animals should not be considered a resource. This difference in philosophies causes People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals to refer to the World Wildlife Fund as the Wicked Wildlife Fund. WWF is not an animal rights group, but works to conserve nature. According to PETA, WWF has demanded more animal testing of genetically modified organisms before they are approved for human consumption. To WWF, the potential threat of GMOs to the environment and to human health outweighs the lives of animals who are used for GMO safety testing. Animal rights advocates believe that we cannot exploit animals in laboratories by conducting GMO testing, or in any other testing, regardless of the possible benefits. According to PETA, WWF also does not oppose the killing of seals for fur, since they do not believe that the practice threatens the survival of the seal population. Wildlife While the deaths of individual animals are not usually considered an environmental issue, environmental groups do sometimes get involved in non-endangered wildlife issues. For example, some environmental groups work to protect all whale species, even though some whale species - such as minke whales and Brydes whales - are not endangered. The protection of large, iconic animals like whales, panda bears and elephants will probably always be championed by some environmental groups regardless of their survival status due to the popularity of these animals, which gives them a high profile.

Essay on Rent Control Pros and Cons - 1270 Words

Rent Control: Pros and Cons Evaluate the pros and cons of rent control and rent stabilization in NYC. Rent control is the government imposition of price ceilings on rent for apartments in certain areas of a city. The goal is usually to protect the rights of the poor. Thus, in a rent controlled or rent stabilized building, the amount of rent will not increase as quickly as inflation. While the moral side of rent control may have some appeal, in the long run the disadvantages far outweigh the advantages. Those who argue in favor of rent control say that it is the only way to protect lower-income tenants from landlords who overprice, and from being forced to move out of a neighborhood because they cannot afford the rent. Limiting the price†¦show more content†¦This is because even if rent controls dont include new constructions, owners are afraid to build any new buildings if in a few years those too will be taken over by rent control. Rent control thus leads to less construction and an even greater unsatisfied demand. This, in turn, increases the rents of uncontrolled apartmen ts even more. New constructions are also avoided because banks and insurance companies dont want to invest in areas where rent control is in effect, because they know that it is likely that landlords will not be able to pay for the building, and they will lose their investment. For all of these reasons, I believe that rent control should be abandoned in New York City. The situation we have is of many run-down buildings that are rent controlled, and other areas where rent is so expensive that no one from the middle class can afford to live in them. On top of all this, in New York, many people rent out their rent controlled apartments for a profit Ââ€" a practice which is opposite to the initial spirit of rent control legislation. Without rent control, the housing situation in New York would be more equitable for everyone, and the city would benefit. Critically evaluate the issues in the people versus places controversy. The people versus places controversy is concerned with two basic philosophies of distributing benefits with the goal of improving living standards and local economic development. In basic terms,Show MoreRelatedDescription Of A Business Model915 Words   |  4 PagesThe business plan: 1. Description of the business model Describing chosen business model, articulate the pros and cons of both company-operated and franchise businesses and explain why I ultimately chose one model over the other. Pros and cons of company-operated and franchise businesses: Model Pros Cons Restaurant Franchisee Franchise Restaurants Have Clarity of Concept Invest in someone else’s entrepreneurial vision The Brand is Established Have to strictly follow Brand and Menu Guidelines SupportRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Price Control1467 Words   |  6 PagesPrice controls are a type of government regulation used to establish a maximum price that can be charged for goods and services. Price controls have both advantages and disadvantages for consumers and producers. Price controls prevent money loss on both sides and help find an equilibrium for producers and consumers in the market. There are two different barriers to price controls: price ceilings and price floors. A price ceiling it put in place to regulate how high of a price can be charged for aRead MoreEmployees And Fix Current Hazardous Workspace922 Words   |  4 PagesOptions to Resolve Problem I. Hire additional employees and fix current hazardous workspace. Pros: Hiring additional employees and fixing the current workplace problems are two major aspects of LearnInMotion.com that need to be addressed. Firstly, hiring extra employees will take the strain off of current employees. Anxiety, depression and other mental health problems are prevalent in working populations, and some of those problems are attributable to working conditions† (Weir, 2013). The workloadRead MorePros And Cons On Buying Vs. Renting1184 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction We all experience issues regarding an encumbrance on our property once in our lifetime. It might be when we want to purchase a house, rent it to live in for uncertain time period, sell our property, or rent out to some other party. In all such cases, many issues arise for which many factors can be held responsible, including market value; behavior of buyers, sellers, renters, tenants, landlords; policies of housing associations, environmental hazards, locality, and government legislationsRead MoreNetflix vs. Redbox Industry 897 Words   |  4 Pagesentrants and developments in the market. One of this was the development of a video provision services on line. Netflix utilizes anti-controls regarding monitoring and appraising employees. Instead of giving employees a lot of control, employees are expected to work independently and held responsible for their actions. This culture utilizes less managerial control in the organizational structure, but tests and policies are in place to ensure that employees remain innovative and productive withoutRead MoreUsing Price Ceilings By The Government Essay1310 Words   |  6 Pagesthat has been used for a vast period of time. One of the more popular and well-known versions of a price ceiling is rent control. In theory, rent control keeps the rental prices low and affordable for tenants with all other aspects of the housing remaining the same. In the market, there is more of an impact than just the price. With the price being lower, landlords are willing to rent out a smaller amount of apartments and homes. To them, the lower ability to gain a profit is not worth the maintenanceRead MoreThe Role Of Virtual Teams And Challenges1207 Words   |  5 Pagesvirtual teams and challenges that have to face of people working in different locations and geographies. Moreover, identifying pros and cons of associating with virtual teams and co-located teams or traditional teams. And I will expound how I apply virtual team strategy in managing my product development. Effectiveness of Virtual Teams According to Virtual Teams: Pros, Cons Best Practices (2011), there are many advantages of using virtual team strategy. Indeed, as mentioned in Padmanabhan (N.dRead MoreNetflix: Flex to the Max1010 Words   |  5 PagesNetflix: Flex to the Max Gregory Allan Noah MBA 575: Contemporary Management Dr. Hinkes January 22, 2009 Summary To revolutionize how people rent movies, Reed Hastings founded Netflix. He also is trying to revolutionize how managers work. There are five principles that guide the human resources at Netflix: pay higher-than-average salaries, provide compensation choices, foster talent hunters, let subpar employees go with their dignity intact, and limit rules to improve innovation. ItRead MoreRent Control Of The United States1601 Words   |  7 Pages Philippe Bouchereau Prof. Kaycea Campbell Economics 2 11 May 2016 Rent Control in the United States Rent control is a law that places a price ceiling on the amount of rent a landlord can charge a tenant. People from middle and lower income brackets tend to benefit from rent control, while people from the upper income brackets do not. The whole purpose as to why rent control exists is so that tenants from the lower income groups are not exploited by â€Å"greedy† landlords through government interventionRead MoreThe Emotional Impact Of Losing A Home On Foreclosure1048 Words   |  5 Pageslighten the burden and reignite hope that this too can be overcome. Developing a strategy and learning how to find and control information is the first step to reclaiming a home. Controlling your spending and managing your money will help you be better prepared to own your next home, think of this as a learning experience. There are many options to home ownership, such as a rent to own home, building equity while renting a home. Most options have positives and negatives and weighing your options

A Machiavellian Ruler Of Shakespeare s Hamlet - 1196 Words

A Machiavellian ruler is a cunning ruler. This is a ruler who uses anything and anyone that is within his power to get into power and to keep the power. This is not all that entails a Machiavellian ruler. Other characteristics such as good fortunes, wisdom and bravery all come into play. Nonetheless, it is the wickedness in a Machiavellian ruler that is reflected in Shakespeare’s play, Hamlet through King Claudius. King Claudius, is a classic example of the type of ruler Machiavelli discusses in his book The Prince. According to Machiavelli, love is better than fear for a leader. However, the real question is how you instill this fear into the people. Is it through murder or treachery or war? Either one can work well depending on the circumstances. Such as, too much fear which may come back to haunt one. For King Claudius, he is lucky that he is not hated or feared by the people but by Hamlet. King Claudius ascended into power through treachery and murder. Through this proces s, he left many people in pain and caused himself to feel guilty about his acts at certain point in time. â€Å"That cannot be, since I am still possessed Of those effects for which I did the murder: My crown, mine own ambition, and my queen. May one be pardoned and retain th offense? In the corrupted currents of this world Offense’s gilded hand may shove by justice† (Hamlet, 3.3.54). This quote describes the story of a man who knows he is guilty of the sin of murder, yet still feels he can benefit fromShow MoreRelatedMachiavellian Macbeth ? Essay1609 Words   |  7 Pages   Ã‚  While Macbeth exhibits certain Machiavellian characteristics, he does not heed Machiavellis advice regarding rulers who desire to obtain their principalities through crime, and through either the ignorance of, or disregard for, this advice, Macbeth cannot be considered Machiavellian. Hence it should be noted that in taking hold of a state, he who seizes it should examine all the offenses necessary for him to commit, and do them all at a stroke....For injuries must be done all togetherRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore

A Letter from Ponyboy Free Essays

Greetings to you! How are you, older brother?   It’s been quite a while since I sent you a letter. My mistake. Sorry for that. We will write a custom essay sample on A Letter from Ponyboy or any similar topic only for you Order Now I’ve been busy for the last few weeks here insane Diego. My study is eating up most of my time. Right now, we are approaching already the finals week. A lot of requirements are already on my list. But don’t you worry brother, I am okay. I manage to keep healthy and strong despite the conflicts of time in my part-time job and schooling. And speaking of work, I have some good news for you. The manager of the food chain I am working at was impressed by my dedication to my job. In fact, I was chosen to be the crew of the month. Because of that, I got an additional compensation in my salary. Not too big, but large enough to spend for my thesis. It was a big help since I badly needed to finish my thesis as the final submission of it is nearing. Of course, I have to graduate this semester. That was my promise to you, right? Don’t worry, Darry. All of your spending for my schooling will finally come to an end. A month from now, I will be called â€Å"Lawyer Ponyboy Curtis†. However, I will not be able to reach this status if not because of you. Thank you so much, Darry. I really appreciate all the things you have done and sacrificed for me. I know that you don’t want to marry your fiancà ©e Lindsay until I haven’t finished my studies. But I told you for several times that you don’t need to do that. You don’t have to sacrifice your own happiness just for my sake. I can manage myself now. I am a man now. Being thirty years old is no longer young. But what did you do? You still insisted to pay half of my tuition. I told you to keep them for yourself and for your future. You, too, are no longer young. You must build a family of your own, just like what Sodapop did. You’re such a stubborn. No wonder why they called you Superman back then. You’re such a strong-willed person. But no matter how strong-willed you are, you must promise me that after my graduation, you will take care of your personal life. By the way, how’s work after being promoted as chief lieutenant of the Oklahoma Police Department? Doing well? How’s peace and security there? You know what, I’m very happy with your current situation, actually, with the situations of us three—you, Sodapop, and I. After the long battle between the Socs and the greasers, I was glad that you decided to study and be a cop. I haven’t told you this, but I want you to know now that you are my greatest idol. When I saw how you managed to study while working, I admire you. Aside from that, you managed to raise me and Sodapop well after that horrible loss of our parents. Thank you for that. What’s up with Sodapop, by the way? Have the two of you seen each other lately? I had the chance to meet him personally last month after he visited his in-laws here in California. I also had the chance to meet the kids. Oh, Paul was so cute. He’s so like Sodapop—charming and good-looking. I bet when he grows up, he will be a Sodapop the Second. And have you heard about the good news? Sandy is three- month old pregnant! Boy, you should see the happiness in their eyes—a picture of a complete and a happy family. Aside from that, Sodapop is planning to put up a branch of their bookstore here in San Diego. Looks like he and Sandy are meant for business. I really wanted to be with you now, Darry. How I miss my adolescent days. Right after my graduation, I will spend some time with you. You take care of yourself. Until next time. Your younger brother, Ponyboys How to cite A Letter from Ponyboy, Papers

Marketing Communication an integrated Communication Plan

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Communication an integrated Communication Plan. Answer: Introduction: The company being started is an event management company and will be called Zeus Services. The company is expected to cater to all types of events, but with specific emphasis on weddings amongst the middle classes (Petersen, Kushwaha and Kumar 2015). The company is making virgin strides into an as yet unexplored territory as there are hardly any players in this market segment. Being amongst the pioneers Zeus Services shall be working on uncharted territory and hence need to put forward each step with caution and after due deliberation. Marketing objectives Weddings are considered to be a special moment in everyones life and thus the efforts and strain that surround the event is huge. The bride and groom hare burdened with numerous chores from selection of venue, dress code, costumes, menu and so on to even the accommodation and travel arrangements of the guests. The guest list is of particular concern as most weddings while spectacular do not usually tend to be an opus affair. Bearing all these factors in mind, Zeus services aims to provide a one-stop solution to all wedding events for persons of all religions and beliefs. Products/ services An all inclusive wedding service provider, Zeus Services shall be involved in pre-wedding, wedding and post-wedding arrangements to ensure that the bride, groom and their families can sit back and enjoy their special day or even make it more special. The company would like to assure a hassle free and memorable event for its esteemed clients. As event managers, Zeus Creations would be involved in all pre wedding dilemmas including creating a guest list, checking RSVPs, confirming the guest list and venue, decoration of the venue, transportation to the venue, accommodation of guests, and scheduling pick-ups and drops as per their travel plans; meeting special request like wheel chairs and so on if any; ensuring availability of a duty doctor for any minor emergencies that may occur, lighting at the venue, menu, seating arrangements and circulating gift lists as well as pre wedding bachelorette and bachelor parties; dress trails; and so on as well as post wedding cleaning up activities. Target audience segment analysis While the super rich tend to have lavish and extravagant weddings without a though of the costs involved or being bothered about the nitty-grittys due to their complete dependence on wedding planners, the middle class tends to be burdened with the need to ensure that wedding expenses remain within budget, without causing any embarrassment to any of the concerned parties; while simultaneously making sure the day is special and memorable. The target audience chosen is therefore the discerning middle class who want a special day but within a budget. The super rich are already being catered to by a several event managers who offer them service for not just wedding planning but all other events like births, birthdays, anniversaries and so on as well. The poor are not interested in spending on such matters and tend to be happy with a simple ceremony. The middle is class is further divided into those who would not mind spending but within their predefined budgetary constraints, as well as those who believe that wedding expenses are a mere waste of good money that can be spent on other things needed for a married life. Zeus Services intends to cater to the former group amongst the middle class. Communication objectives The three communication objectives in advertising that have been identifies by Zeus Services are developing brand awareness, promoting services as well as influence interests and consumer attitudes. Being a company in a niche segment, without too many predecessors to set an example, the primary communication objective of Zeus Services is to generate awareness about the services being offered; and assuring potential clients of best services for their wedding. The secondary objective would be communicating about the various services being provided. The first objective can be easily achieved through the use of traditional advertisements in newspapers and local periodicals. Since Zeus services is a new company, they would need to make significant provisions for advertisements to kick start their business. Word of mouth would also help, but the impact would be slower as awareness would be limited to the contact circle and their friends (Chen and Xie 2008). The secondary objective would need to be more focused on potential clients (Pickton and Broderick 2005). Churches, boutiques catering to wedding dresses and hotels are a good source of information a potential clients would approach these places at the beginning of their wedding. Zeus Services is in touch with the owners and employees at these respective sources of potential clients. Potential clients would need to be contacted either in groups or individually. While the latter would help eliminate repeat visits for closing the deal; it would be a difficult task to get many prospective couples to spend time with strangers in between their bust schedule. Thus, a personal mailer, hand delivered to all couples looking at marriage dates within the next 4 months would be ideal. The invitation would infuse a curiosity in their minds and the short duration of the meeting would convince them that they would not have to commit a large chuck of their limited time unless they are truly intereste d in availing the services by Zeus Services. Alternative styles of creative advertising Creative advertising is not limited to a handout/ brochure or standout stall at an exhibition. Gifting a mug to all couples who attend the initial meeting regardless of their willingness to go ahead with the services being offered by Zeus Services is also an innovative and creative method (Blakeman 2014) of ensuring that both the company and its services remain on the minds of all the potential customer regardless of their initial response. A guestbook with signatures and social media ids like Facebook, Instagram, of all attendees is a great place to being the creative advertisement campaign (Castronovo and Lei 2012). This could include pictures of customized wedding cakes, venue decoration including lighting, interesting mementoes and invitation cards and so on. These would act as an inducement to all potential clients. A nine step social media advertising campaign would involve blogging, profiles on social media sites like LinkedIn, Instagram, and so on; tweets and face book groups ; as well as a Search engine Optimized website Justification of communication objectives and ethical issues There are no ethical issues involved in the advertising objectives or the communication process. The communications objectives are designed to hold the attention of all potential customers even after the promotional activities are complete. While Zeus Services shall not bombard them with information, teaser would be provided as part of the social media marketing strategy (Castronovo and Lei 2012) to ensure that their interest in the services continues and they at least contemplate the hiring of Zeus services to cater to their wedding requirements Media plan The primary consideration of the media plan is to convey a picture of efficiency while remaining warm and courteous. Hence communication needs to be short, precise and warm. Sudden disruptions and abrupt dialogue would harm the reputation of the company. Planning is an essential part of all marketing communication. Creating a communications planning worksheet with all details like objectives and message clearly mentioned is the first step top effective communication. The words should convey both warmth and a positive image, while being precise and not beating around the bush. Redundancy and repetitions must be avoided at all costs. Selecting the media vehicle for implementing the media plan is an equally important step for effective communication. Selection of Media vehicle(s) and justifications As the target audience is the middle class, the demographics would veer towards the age group between 30 to 45 years. These individuals tend to be technology savvy and hence social media is an effective tool to attract their attention. Yet another innovative strategy would be booking an advertising space at the local theatre specifically for a movie that caters to this target crowd. A banner at a popular up-market eatery is yet another means of gaining the attention of the target audience. Zeus Services feels that while all the strategies mentioned above would be effective, the social media campaign would be the most effective. Hence the maximum focus would be concentrated on creating a social media presence and influencing potential clients to meet up personally for discussions before availing the services being offered by Zeus Services. Social media is all about building relationships rather than direct selling. An understanding of this element of social media marketing is important before embarking in this direction. Results from a social media campaign would not be quantifiable or out in the open. However, the relationships and brand image build through the process would last a lifetime and be the stepping stones to help the company grow by leaps and bounds (Reid, Luxton and Mavondo 2005). Zeus Services aims to use social media to improve its brand presence, build a brand image, generate an awareness of and an interest in its services, increase the positive sentiment associated with its services, and develop relationships for opportunities in the future. Important tools like listing out current situation, conducting PEST and a SWOT analysis along with a clear listing of organizational and communication objectives is essential developing an effective communications strategy that would help Zeus Services to grow exponentially. Identification of internal and external stakeholders would help streamline the advertising strategy effectively (Shultz, 1992). The message communicated across all platform must be uniform and in keeping with the brand image of the company. The idea that Zeus Services is trustworthy and reliable needs to be communicated to all potential clients on an ongoing basis through the advertisement campaign. Then alone would they be willing to trust the company with such a critical service. Employing a PR would an effective and positive step in this direction. Evaluation of IMC plan effectiveness The effectiveness of media plans need to be evaluated and measured in order to determine whether it is effective or needs to be changed in any manner (Castronovo and Lei 2012). While the media plan would vary across various industries and verticals, it is essential that the media plan be in tandem with the organizational capabilities, objectives goals and vision (Hartley and Pickton 2010). Any deviation from this would lead to heavy losses for the company. The effectiveness of the media plan would be seen in the reach achieved. In other words, the number of potential clients who have been reached through the various communication initiatives would determine the effectiveness of the media plan (Peltier, Schibrowsky and Schultz 2003). The efforts on Instagram drew a considerable response and Zeus Services was able to host a small meet for 75 potential clients during the second week of the campaign. This response assures the management that the campaign and communication has been reasonably effective (Castronovo and Lei 2012). The client meet lead to more than five times the number of references as well as opening meeting with 7 clients scheduled for the next week. Based on the results to date, the management of Zeus Services is of the opinion that the media plan has been efficient in meeting the short term goals of the company (Berthon, Pitt and Watson 2014). Conclusion A start-up in the pioneering space of wedding planning and event management catering exclusively for middle class families, the media plan by Zeus Services was found to be effective and helped the company gain a foothold in the minds of potential clients. Since the company is operating in virgin territory without any precedents, it is hoped that the creative initiatives being used by them would help build up a considerable presence as well as raise awareness (Mulhern 2009) about the services being offered to all potential customers in the areas of operations. References Berthon, P, L F Pitt, and R T Watson. "Re-Surfing the Web: Research Perspectives on Marketing Communication and Buyer Behaviour on the W3." Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science. Springer, 2014. 182-182. Blakeman, R. Integrated Marketing Communication: Creative Strategy from Idea to Implementation. Maryland: Rowman Littlefield, 2014. Castronovo, C, and H Lei. "Social Media in an Alternative Marketing Communication Model." Journal of Marketing Development and Competitiveness, 2012: 117-134. Chen, Y, and J Xie. "Online Consumer Review: Word-of-Mouth as a New Element of Marketing Communication Mix." Management Science, 53(3): PP 477-491. Hartley, B, and D Pickton. "Integrated marketing communications requires a new way of thinking." Journal of Marketing Communications, 2010: 97-106. Mulhern, F. "Integrated marketing communications: From media channels to digital connectivity." Journal of Marketing Communications, 15(2-3): pp 85-101. Peltier, J W, J A Schibrowsky, and D E Schultz. "Interactive integrated marketing communication: combining the power of IMC, the new media and database marketing." International Journal of Advertising, 22 (1) : 93-115. Petersen, A J, T Kushwaha, and V Kumar. "Marketing Communication Strategies and Consumer Financial Decision Making: The Role of National Culture." Journal of Marketing, 79(1) : pp 44-63. Pickton, D, and A Broderick. Integrated Marketing Communications. Harlow, UK: Pretience-Hall, 2005. Reid, M, S Luxton, and F Mavondo. "The relationship between integrated marketing communication, market orientation, and brand orientatioN." Journal of Advertising, 34(4): pp 11-23. Schultz. D E, Integrated Marketing Comunications, Journal of Promotion Management, 1(1), pp99-104.

Inflation and Interest Rates Inflation Risk

Question: Describe about the Inflation and Interest Rates for Inflation Risk. Answer: Introduction The paper illustrates the effect of interest rates on inflation briefly explaining what inflation is in terms of an individual and country perspective. Moreover, it provides the explanation of what the interest rates cause the exchange rates to move up or down and its implication to the entire economy. On an individual view the paper shows why the person makes the decision to spend more or save less while at the same time showing why they will likely save more and spend less. The reasons for time lag due to interest changes causing certain outcome such as the fixed loan and starting activities have also been explained thus giving a clear direction and cause of these cases. Then there is the importance of time lag in terms of financial strategy and decisions made towards the betterment of an individual and the general economy (Billi, n.d.). The recommendations for the ideal situations are also briefly highlighted towards bringing stability to the interest rates on the inflation on the long term scenario. Inflation and Interest Rates Inflation is referred to as an economy with cash that is more usable or spendable than it requires purchasing all of the merchandise and services accessible, prompting an expansive general increment in costs in prices. Some mix of two things can bring about inflation: 1) an expansion (or inadequate decline) in cash supply; 2) a diminishing (or deficient increment) in the amount and/or nature of products and services. Negative inflation is referred to as deflation. Therefore, -2% inflation is equitable to a deflation of 2% (Tessaromatis, n.d.). Exchange Rates and Inflation A currency that is weak results to a rise in inflation, if the economy is dependent on imports. For India's situation, gold and oil import bills go up regularly causing inflation to rise. On the other hand, a strong currency will cause the opposite however, for exports, it is bad. Therefore, the effect truly relies on upon the exchange blend. Additionally, expansion in the economy implies residential products are less aggressive. This prompts a drop in demand for the household products and the currency, resulting to poor domestic currency. This ought to make it focused again to send out, however push the import bill higher, bringing about additional inflation. The converse is valid also (Yilmazkuday, 2013). Inflation and Interest Rates - When Inflation rises, tightening of the monetary policy occurs - meaning that interest rates go up. This rise causes a liquidity press in the business sectors. Individuals have less cash to spend and contribute, demand drops; supply is gradual to modify subsequently causing inflation to go down. The reverse is also true. Thus leading to the conclusion that inflation is also a monetary issue. Inflation happens when there is an expansion in the proportion between the supply of spendable cash taking into account the factor of velocity and the supply of merchandise and services. Like any proportional ratio, you can make it greater by expanding the numerator or by diminishing the denominator. Therefore, you can get inflation by expanding the cash supply or by decreasing the supply of merchandise and services (Malliaropulos, n.d.). Then again both. Inflation is an ascent in the general value level of merchandise and services. After some time, the nominal expense of products and services goes up, and the power of purchasing (the amount you can purchase per dollar) drops. For example, most persons hears of how their granddad could go to the films for ten pennies some time ago (5-penny silver screen was a Nickelodeon), or how their granddad's first occupation as a mechanical engineer paid him 50 pennies 60 minutes. On the off chance that the cost of a piece of bread is $1, you can purchase one chunk of bread for every dollar. On the off chance that the cost of a chunk of bread expands 25%, to $1.25, you can now just purchase $1.00/$1.25 per piece of bread, or 0.8 rolls of bread. You have lost buying power. At typical levels of inflation, which is most likely 2 or 3 percent for each year, it does not have a lot of an impact on the economy. Your wages are likewise costs, recollect, and the value you charge a firm for your work, so y ou would see a 2% raise. On the off chance that everything has to be 2% more costly, yet you had a 2% raise, you would not see a distinction in how much your cash could purchase (Khan and Thomas, n.d.). Concerning zero or negative loan costs: The financing cost a bank charges or pays its contributors is known as the ostensible loan fee. We get the genuine financing cost by subtracting swelling from the ostensible loan cost. Ostensible or nominal interest rate=Real loan cost + expansion rate You can have a negative genuine loan cost if expansion is more noteworthy than the ostensible financing cost. This is awesome for the account holder, he owes less. On the off chance that the ostensible financing cost was 5%, however there was 15% expansion, the borrower would owe half less more than 7 years, as his obligation weight would recoil by 10% a year. You cannot have a negative ostensible financing cost, nonetheless. Ostensible loan costs can just go to zero. So if there was flattening (negative expansion), the account holder would owe increasingly, and would not have any desire to acquire. Japan likewise has encountered collapse subsequent to the 1990s, and hindered development. Issue is, if the administration as of now has set financing costs to zero, it cannot bring down loan fees to empower monetary movement. A few business analysts call that the liquidity traps (Demary and Hther, 2015). The arrangements proposed incorporate whimsical money related approach, for example, quantitative facilitating (purchasing back securities, to put more trade out the economy) or charging banks expenses for the money they have close by. What is best for the economy is not swelling or collapse, yet rather balance, or value steadiness. Unassuming expansion of 1 or 2% a year appears to be ideal for the economy. Financial experts prescribe this as the "oil" that oils the economy. In financial matters, we frequently see a deferral between a monetary activity and a result. This is known as a period slack. An effect of time slacks is that the impact of approach might be harder to evaluate in light of the fact that it requires a time of investment to really happen (Billi, n.d.). Case of Time Lag Interest rate Changes. On the off chance that we cut financing costs, we would expect an ascent in speculation and buyer spending. This is because lower loan fees make it less expensive to get furthermore make it less appealing to spare. Lower loan costs ought to prompt higher total interest (Andersen, n.d.). In any case, there might be time slacks for various reasons. Fixed loan costs for acquiring and sparing. Shoppers may have a settled rate contract. This implies interest installments are altered for say 2 years. In this manner, it might be over a year prior to property holders really need to confront a higher loan cost (A predator-prey model with a time lag in the migration, 2014). Starting activities. On the off chance that a firm has begun a venture, they are unrealistic to stop in the center due to an expansion in loan fees. Once began they will keep on investing whatever happens to loan costs. Nevertheless, after some time, the higher financing costs may forestall future speculation ventures requiring some serious energy (Fortunato, 2014). Knowledge. Buyers do not have impeccable learning. They may not check financing costs each month, but rather just get to be mindful after a specific time. People may hold up to check whether the loan cost change is provisional or lasting. Commercial banks may defer going on the base rate cut onto customers. Significance of Time Lags Time slacks can settle on strategy choices. It is the evaluated financing cost changes taken up to year and a half to have the full impact. This implies money related strategy needs to attempt and anticipate the condition of the economy for up to year and a half ahead. In this way, time slacks have a tendency to lessen the adequacy of financial and monetary arrangement, particularly to try to 'adjust' the economy (Hordahl and Tristani, 2007). Conclusion In conclusion, inflation affects the interest rates both positively and negatively as illustrated in the paper. Time lags occurs for various reasons starting from the commercial bank deferring the base rate to fixed costs on loans that directly or indirectly affect the spending and borrowing of an individual to the latter holding of saving to check if the loan cost will change.(A predator-prey model with a time lag in the migration, 2014). The paper depict a clear view of the inflation causes and the effect of increase and decrease of interest rates on it. The individual spending increases with with the drop interest rates since they are able to borrow more and vice versa. On the same the saving is also affected since it will increase with high interest rates with the speculation of getting more from the high interest rates in the future. In conclusion time lag cause the flow of currency in an economy to slow due to the speculation surrounding it thus the causes of either negative or positive shift of the interest rates. References A predator-prey model with a time lag in the migration. (2014). ams. Andersen, A. (n.d.). Inflation Risk Premia in the Term Structure of Interest Rates: Evidence from Euro Area Inflation Swaps. SSRN Electronic Journal. Billi, R. (n.d.). The Optimal Inflation Buffer with a Zero Bound on Nominal Interest Rates. SSRN Electronic Journal. Demary, M. and Hther, M. (2015). When Low Interest Rates Cause Low Inflation. Intereconomics, 50(6), pp.350-355. Fortunato, S. (2014). Prizes: Growing time lag threatens Nobels. Nature, 508(7495), pp.186-186. Haubrich, J., Ritchken, P. and Pennacchi, G. (n.d.). Estimating Real and Nominal Term Structures Using Treasury Yields, Inflation, Inflation Forecasts, and Inflation Swap Rates. SSRN Electronic Journal. Hordahl, P. and Tristani, O. (2007). Inflation risk premia in the term structure of interest rates. Basel, Switzerland: Bank for International Settlements, Monetary and Economic Dept. Khan, A. and Thomas, J. (n.d.). Inflation and Interest Rates With Endogenous Market Segmentation. SSRN Electronic Journal. Koskela, E. and Viren, M. (n.d.). Household Saving, Interest Rates, Inflation and Taxation: Some Cross-Country Evidence. SSRN Electronic Journal. Malliaropulos, D. (n.d.). Long-term Interest Rates and Inflation. SSRN Electronic Journal. Tessaromatis, N. (n.d.). Stock Market Sensitivity to Interest Rates and Inflation. SSRN Electronic Journal. Yilmazkuday, H. (2013). Inflation targeting, flexible exchange rates and inflation convergence. Applied Economics, 45(5), pp.593-603.